Water-tube boiler



Aug. 4, .1925.

c. w. SMART WATER TUBE BOILER Filed March 16, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 C. W. SMART WATER TUBE BOILER Filed March 16, W23

Aug. 4, 1925.

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Patented Aug. 4, 1925.

UNITED STATES CHARLES W. SMART, 01E MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

.Application filefl March 16, 1923. Serial No. 625,658.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES IV. SMART, a citizen of the United States,residing at Memphis, county of Shelby, and the State of Tennessee, haveinvented certain new the introduction of stay bolts or other braceswhich are not necessary in the case of low pressure boilers, such as areused for heating purposes. My boiler also may he used if it be sodesired, for hot water heating.

The objects of my invention areto provide, first, an arrangement ofboiler and tubes and baflie walls therefor which will more efficientlyremove the heat from the products of combustion of the fuel and second,to provide means for supplying and burning the fuel which may be.efficiently regulated in accordance with the uses of the steam forheating or power purposes.

I accomplish these objects as will be more fully hereinafter set out inthe drawings, specification and claims, to which reference is now made.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved boiler and the settingtherefor.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the exterior of the boiler and setting. 7

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the boiler.

Fig. at is a vertical section of the boiler and setting taken on theline IVIV of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. is a vertical sectional elevation on the line VV of Figs. i and 6.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional plan on the line VIVI of Fig. 4.

Referring now to the drawings in which the various parts are indicatedby the same numerals in all the views, the boiler proper has a fuelcontainer in the shape of a truncated pyramid preferably of rectangularhorizontal cross section having a back 1'7 and front 17 and sides 1616;this con tainer being of smaller cross section at the top than at thebottom and being provided with a closely fitting cover or top 28 whichmay lie thereon or be hinged thereto as shown. This container forms aninner shell for the boiler. Surrounding this fuel container andpreferably uniformly spaced therefrom is the outer shell of the boilerhaving a front 14, a back 14. anu sides 15; this outer shell beingwelded, riveted or otherwise securely fastened to the inner shell nearthe top and bottom thereof. In the drawings these inner and outer shellsof the boiler are shown at the bottom as one continuous sheet.

The sides of the inner shell and the sides portions of the outer shellform legs which extend below the corresponding front and back portions,though if desired, the front may extend to the same level as the sides.The back portion 14 of the outer shell is curved backward intermediateits height to form a larger water chamber, and is thence reversely bentand extended vertically upward as shown more clearly in Fig. 4. ThisVertical section extends practically to the top of the inner shell andis thence bent horizontally forward and welded or otherwise securedthereto. Likewisethe sides 1515 are extended rearwardly and joined up tothis back portion 14 to complete the water chamber. From the lower endof the rear leg formed between the shell 14 and the inner shell 17vertical tubes 32 extend downward to a cross header 81 Which extendbetween the two side legs and connects'the same. From the back of therear leg, water tubes extend rearwardly rising at a slight angle fromthe horizontal and are then sharply bent upwardly and throughsubstantially a half circle and extend forward rising at a slight anglefrom the horizontal to the enlarged water chamber of the boiler intowhich they connect.

Similarly tubes 29 extend from the cross header 31 rather sharply upwarduntil they come into proper relation to the tubes 30 and thence extendparallel with that set of tubes into the same water chamber. Between therearwardly extending and the forwardly extending portion of these watertubes is a horizontally disposed baffle or firewall preferably havingits lower and upper surfaces substantially parallel to the tubes. Thisbaflle wall is preferably made up of a number of individual sections 5,6,

t and 8 which sections as will be seen by reference to Fig. 1,preferably extend through the side walls 9 of the flue chamber. 'Thesebattles are thus made in sections for the purpose of reducing the sizeof them to such extent that they may be precast and put in place byhand. This bafiie wall may be of fire clay or other refractory material,I having found that cinder concrete is admirably adapted for thepurpose. The fine chamber for the boiler is composed of this centralbaflie wall a foundation or base 3 preferably also of cinder concrete,side walls made up of sectionset, 9 and 10 shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings, a top 11 and arear wallcomposed of sections 12 and 13. Thisrear wall may be made of a single-section instead of the two sectionsshown and is preferably removable so that it may be used as a door topermit access to the baca of the fine chambershould such access bedesired. 38 and 39 'are'removableblocks which complete the'sideinclosure of the flue chamher, and which may be opened forcleaning. 37(Fig. i) on the opposite side of the flue chamber is the flue and 37 acontinuation of the same.

Air for combustion is admitted through an air inlet 25 which extendsthrough both the outer front shell let of'the boiler and the front 17 ofthe fuel container and is disposed above the grates and inclined Vdownward so that fuel will not be held up therein. This air inlet isprovided with'a door 26 preferably hinged at the top to the front shell14:. This door may be opened or closed by means of thechain 27 shown inFigs. 1 and 3 which chain if desired may be extended, upward to someform ofregulat ing device not shown. The grates for the boilerpreferably are provided with a rocker shaft 36 preferably of squaresection extending from-side to side and beyond one of the sides so thatsome form of arm or shaker may be slipped thereon to rock the same, onwhich shaft are mounted grates made up of a plurality of identicalseetiohseachhawing three fingers or bars 33, (Esta-rid 35 extending froma hub shaped to slip over the shaft 36 so that when the shaftisoscillated the grates will'be similarly oscillated. If desired a numberof these sections each containing three bars may be united by a singlehub as shown in Fig. 5.

Immediately below the grates is 'anash pit having rear and front walls11, a bottom 2, and suitable ends, and provided with a door 10 foraccess thereto. It is essential that this pit be tightly closed sohollow boiler having an interior shell of that air will be only admittedthrough the air inlet 25 above the grates. l8'and-19 are stoker holesthrough one side of theboiler and fuel container wall. These stokerholes are closed by doors 18 and 19' more clearly shown in 5 Fig. 5. 21-is a water' glass provtop by opening the cover 1,54e,eee

sired amount, the 'fire being regulated by the amount of air admittedthrough this opening. After the fire has burned for some time, thegrates can be shaken slightly to break up the fire in the usual mannerora stoker bar may be introduced through the stoke holes 18, 19 for thispurpose. hen

it is desired to get rid of ashes which may have accumulated on the ratethe rocker shaft36 ma r be iven a uarterturn' andthe ashes held in onequadrant, or the grates dumped and a new quadrant be brought under thefire, this process being reversed when it isagain desired to dump thegrates. Air

passing through the bed of fuel is entirely above the grates and carrieswith it the production of combustion into the edge of the flue chamberwherethe combustion is completed and additional intense heat generat'ed. These heated gases then-pass along the tubes underneath the bafliewall and around the end of the same and thence pass forward stillfollowing the tubes to the flue 87 through which they pass outward. Itwill be seen-that the furnacegases are thus held in intimate contactwith the water tubes and are given every chanceto transfer their heatto'thewater within the tubes.

It will be seen that the shape and disposition of the tubes provideevery facility for expansion and contraction as wellasfor circulation ofthe water within the same. The ashes dumped may of course be removedfrom the ash pit atany time desired. Access may be had tothe fluechamber by removing either the door 38 or 39 or the rear Having nowfullydescribed my invention what I claim and desire to secure by LettersPatent of the Unit-ed States is a 1. In a furnace, the combination witha truncated pyramidal form and rectangular cross section forming a fuelcompartment,

with the back section of said shell terminating above the side-sectionsthereof, a fuel open ng m the top of said compartment and a cover forthe same, an exterior shell having the front, sides, and lower portionof the back thereof conforming in cross and vertical section to saidinterior shell and uniformly spaced therefrom, and having the upperportion ofthe said back shell extended rearwardly to form an enlargedwater and steam compartment, a cross header connecting the water legsformed between said side shells near the bottom thereof, a plurality ofvertical tubes connecting the bottom of the water leg, formed betweensaid back shells, and the said cross header, and a similar number ofpairs of vertically aligned substantially ll shaped tubes extendingrearwardly, the lower end of one tube of each of said pairs from saidheader, and of the other from the rear of said back water leg near thebottom thereof, and the upper ends of both tubes of each of said pairsconnecting into the back of said enlarged water compartment; of gratesbeneath said fuel compartment, an air inlet leading through the frontwater leg of said boiler into said fuel compartment above said grates,and a flue chamber extending rearwardly from said exterior shell andsurrounding said tubes, said flue chamber being divided into arearwardly directed and a return section bya baffle wall extendingrearwardly from the lower end of the rear water leg of said boiler intothe bend in said U shaped tubes.

2. ln a furnace the combination with a hollow boiler having an interiorshell larger at the bottom than at the top forming a fuel compartmentwith the backof said shell terminating above the sides there of, a fuelopening in the .top of said compartment and a cover for the same, anexterior shell having the front, sides, and lower portion of the backthereof conforming in cross and vertical section to said interior shelland uniformly spaced therefrom, and having the upper portion of the saidback shell extended rearwardly to form an enlarged water and steamcompartment, a cross header connecting the water legs formed betweensaid side shells near the bottom thereof, a plurality of vertical tubesconnecting the bottom of the water leg, formed between said back shells,and the said cross header, and a similar number of pairs of verticallyaligned substantially ll shaped tubes extending rearwardly, the lowerend of one tube of each of said pairs from said header, and of the otherfrom the rear of said back water leg near the bottom thereof, and theupper ends of both tubes of each of said pairs connecting into the backof said enlarged water compartment; of grates beneath said fuelcompartment, an air inlet leading through the front water leg of saidboiler into said fuel compartment above said grates, and a line chamberextending rearwardly from said exterior shell and surrounding saidtubes, said flue chamber being divided into a rearwardly directed and areturn section by a ballle wall extending rearwardly from the lower endof the rear water leg of said boiler into the bend in said U shapedtubes.

8. Ina furnace, the combination with a hollow boiler having an interiorshell of truncated pyramidal form and rectangular cross section forminga fuel compartment, with the back portion of said shell terminatingabove the side sections thereof, a fuel opening in the top of saidcompartment and a cover for the same, an exterior shell having thefront, sides, and lower portion of the back thereof conforming in crosssection to said. interior shell and spaced therefrom, and having theupper portion of the said bark shell tended rearwardly to form anenlarged water and steam compartment, a cress header connecting thewater legs formed between said side shells near the bottom thereof, aplurality of vertical tubes coi'inecting the bottom of the water leg,formed between said back shells, and the said cross header, and asimilar number of pairs of vertically aligned substantially ll shapedtubes extending rearwardly, the lower end of one tube of each of saidpairs from said header, and of the other from the rear of said backwater leg near the bottom thereof, and the upper ends of both tubes ofeach of said pairs connecting into the back of said enlarged watercompartment; of grates beneath said fuel compartment, an air inletleading through the front leg of said boiler into said fuel compartmentabove said grates, and a flue chamber extending rearwardly from saidexterior shell and sur i rounding said tubes, said flue chamber be ingdivided into a rcarwardly directed and a return section by a baliie wallextending rearwardly from the lower end of the rear leg of said boilerinto the bend in said U shaped tubes.

4. A hollow boiler having an interior shell of truncated pyramidal formand rectangular cross section forming a fuel compartment, with the backportion ofsaid shell terminating above the side sections thereof, a fuelopening in the top of said compartment and a cover for the same, anexterior shell having the front, sides, and the lower portion of theback thereof conforming in cross section to said interior shell andspaced therefrom, and having the upper portion of the said back shellextended rearwardly to form an enlarged water and steam compartment, across header connecting the water legs formed between said side shellsnear the bottom thereof, a-plurality of vertical tubes connecting thebottom of the water leg formed between said back shells, and the saidcross header, and a similar number of pairs of vertically alignedsubstantially vU shaped tubes extending rearwardly, the lower end of onetube of each of said pairs from said header, and of the other from therear of said back water leg near the bottom thereof, and the upper endsof both tubes of each of said pairs connecting into the back of saidenlarged water compartment, and an air inlet leading through the frontwater leg of said boiler into the lower portion of said fuelcompartment.

5. A hollow boiler having an interior shell larger at the bottom thanthe top forming a fuel compartment, wit-h the back portion of said shellterminating above the side sections thereof, a fuel opening in the topofsaid compartment and a cover for the same, an exterior shell havingthe front, sides and the lower portion of the back thereof conforming incross section to said interior shell and spaced therefrom, and havingthe upper 1 portion of the said back. shell extended rear wardly to forman enlarged water and steam compartment, a cross header connecting thewater legs formed between the side shells near the bottom thereof, aplurality of vertical tubes connecting the bottom of the water leg,formed between the back shells, and the said cross header, and a similarnumber of vertically aligned pairs of substantially U shaped tubesextending rearwardly, the

lower end of onetube of each of said pairs from said header, and of theother from the rear of said back water leg near the bottom thereof, andthe upper ends of both tubes of each of said pairs connecting into theback of said enlarged water compartment, and an air inlet leadingthrough the front water leg of said boiler into the lower portion ofsaid fuel compartment.

6. In a furnace, the combination with a hollow boiler having an interiorshell forming a vertical fuel compartment, with the back portion of saidshell terminating above the side sections thereof, a fuel opening 1n thetop ofsaid compartment and a cover for the same, an exterior shellhaving'the front,

sides, and lower portion of the back thereof conforming in cross sectionto said interior shell and s Jaced therefrom and havin the" upperportion of the said back shell extend;

eld rearwardly to form an enlarged water and steam compartment, a crossheader con necting the water legs formed between said side shells nearthe bottom thereof, a plu rality of vertical tubes connecting-the bottomofthe water leg, formed between said back shells, and the said crossheader, and.

a similar number of pairs of vertically aligned substantially U shapedtubes extending rearwardly, the lower endof one tube of each of saidpairs fromisaid-header, and of the other from the rear of said backwater leg .near the bottonrthereof, and the upper ends of both tubesofieach of said, pairs connecting into the backof said en-V largedwaterl'compartment; of grates beneath said fuel compartment, an airinlet leading through the. front leg ofvsaid boiler into said fuelcompartment above said grates, anda flue chamber extending rear 7 wardlyfrom said exterior shell and surrounding said tubes, said flue chamberbeing div ded into a rearwardly directed and a return section by abaffle wallv extending rearwardly from the lower end of the rear leg ofsaid boiler into the bend in saidU shaped tubes.

7. In a furnace, the combination with a hollow boiler having an interiorshell of truncated pyramidal form and rectangular cross section forminga fuel compartment, with the back section of said shell terminatingabove the side sections thereof, a fuel opening in thetop ofsaidieompartment and a cover for the same, an exteriorshellhava ing thefront, sides, and lower portion of the back thereof conforming, in crosssection to said interior shell anduniformly spaced therefrormand havingthan perportion of the said back shell 'extendec rearwardly to for a anenlarged water and/steam compart-f ment, a cross header connecting theWater egs formed between said :,side shells near the bottomthereof, aphiralityof vertical tubes connecting the bottom of the water leg,formed between saidback, shells, and the saidcross header, and a similarnumber of jpairs of verticallyv aligned substantially U shapedtubesextending rearwardly, the

lower endof one tube of each of said pairs from said header, and of theother fromthe rear of said backwater leg near the bottom thereof, andthe upper ends of both tubes of each of said-pairs oonnectinginto theback of said enlarged water compartment, of

grates beneath sald fuel compartment,ver-

tically aligned stoke holes leading through one side water leg and anair inlet leading my name.

I ,CHARLES lV. SMART.

